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Sirtuins need NAD+ to work properly and regulate many aging-related processes [7]

Mutter J

Arribat et al., (2019) demonstrated in mice that the epigenetic influence of the additional copies of mtDNA on the nuclear DNA (nDNA) resulted in the cardiac abnormalities highlighting the tight regulation of mitochondrial quality control and the organelle-organ communication [28]

This decline is called somatopause, and it contributes to many age-related changes: loss of muscle mass, increased body fat, decreased bone density, impaired cognitive function, reduced skin elasticity, and weakened immune response

Wu, and Manfred Boehm

Each treatment targets a different mechanism, and the right combination depends on the patients biology