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While in PCD the amount of carnitine is insufficient (which impairs energy production from fatty acids), CPT1 and CPT2 deficiency affects the binding of fatty acids to carnitine and their use by the mitochondria as an energy source, as described above

Drago F, Bohus B, Gispen WH, Scapagnini U, De Wied D (1983)

In addition, delivering an antigen without the necessary co-stimulators causes T cell ignorance, anergy, or even T cell deletion (Hailemichael et al., 2013)

10.1016/j.canlet.2005.07.025 222 NardiniP.PiniA.BessardA.DuchalaisE.NiccolaiE.NeunlistM.et al (2020)

Er stress in adipocytes and insulin resistance: mechanisms and significance (Review)

doi: 10.1271/bbb.70.926