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Neurochem Int 57:460467 Frade J, Pope S, Schmidt M, Dringen R, Barbosa R, Pocock J, Laranjinha J, Heales S (2008) Glutamate induces release of glutathione from cultured rat astrocytesa possible neuroprotective mechanism

Egyptian J Hosp Med (2014) 54(1):11728

Malaguarnera ( Tnf, Il6, Il1b ) and downregulates pro-fibrotic genes ( Acta2, Col1a2, Tgfb1, Pdgfrb, Pdgf-b, Pdgf-c ), reducing -smooth muscle actin (-SMA) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFR) protein levels ( The anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties of L-carnitine underscore its potential to halt MASLD progression to advanced stages

Subsequently, CIP released from the liposomes exerts direct antibacterial activity

ZamoranoJLLancellottiPRodriguez MuozDAboyansVAsteggianoRGalderisiMet al

Pathological alterations in astrocytesincluding reactive astrogliosis, -synuclein aggregation, and oxidative stressdownregulate EAAT2 expression and impair its transport capacity through mechanisms involving epigenetic regulation and protein functional interference 65